The Main Types Of Electric Vehicles

Pure electric
Pure electric vehicle A car driven by an electric motor.
Pure electric vehicles, relative to fuel vehicles, the main difference (difference) lies in the four major components, drive motor, speed control controller, power battery, car charger. In contrast to gas stations, it is charged by public ultra-fast stations. The quality difference of pure electric vehicles depends on these four components, and its value also depends on the quality of these four components. The use of pure electric vehicles is also directly related to the selection and configuration of the four major components.
The speed of pure electric vehicles, and the starting speed depends on the power and performance of the drive motor, the length of its mileage depends on the size of the vehicle power battery capacity, the weight of the vehicle power battery depends on what kind of power battery such as lead acid, zinc carbon, lithium batteries, etc., their volume, specific gravity, specific power, specific energy, cycle life are different. This depends on the manufacturer's positioning and use of the vehicle grade as well as market definition and market segmentation.
The drive motor of pure electric vehicles has DC brush, brushless, permanent magnet, electromagnetic points, and AC stepper motors, etc., their selection is also related to the configuration, use and grade of the vehicle. In addition, the speed control of the drive motor is also divided into step speed control and stepless speed control, and there are electronic speed control controller and no speed control controller. The motor has hub motor, inner rotor motor, single motor drive, multi-motor drive and combined motor drive.
Advantages: The technology is relatively simple and mature, as long as there is a power supply can be charged.
Disadvantages: battery unit weight storage energy is too little, but also because the battery of the electric vehicle is more expensive, and did not form an economic scale, so the purchase price is more expensive, as for the cost of use, some use prices are more expensive than the car, some prices are only 1/3 of the car, which mainly depends on the life of the battery and the local price of oil and electricity. Electric vehicle technology is still immature, charging technology, driving range, reliability and other aspects still need to be improved, and the disposal of scrapped batteries and the optimization of the power grid system are also key issues to be solved.
Hybrid power

A vehicle capable of obtaining power from at least two of the following types of stored energy:
Consumable fuel or rechargeable energy/energy storage device.
According to the structure of the power system, it can be divided into the following three categories:
Series Hybrid electric vehicle (SHEV) : A hybrid (electric) vehicle whose driving power comes only from the electric motor. The structure features that the engine drives the generator to generate electricity, and the electric energy is transmitted to the motor through the motor controller, and the motor drives the car. In addition, the power battery can also provide electric energy to the motor alone to drive the car.
Parallel Hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) : A hybrid (electric) vehicle whose driving force is supplied simultaneously or separately by an electric motor and engine. The structure features that the parallel drive system can use the engine or the motor as the power source alone, or the motor and the engine as the power source at the same time to drive the car.
Hybrid Hybrid electric Vehicle (CHEV) : a hybrid (electric) vehicle with both series and parallel drive modes. The feature of the structure is that it can work in series mixed mode or parallel mixed mode, taking into account the characteristics of series and parallel.
(Note: With the development of hybrid electric vehicle technology, its types are not limited to the above, but can also be divided according to other types.)
Those that typically use conventional fuels are coupled with electric motors/engines to improve low-speed power output and fuel consumption. In the domestic market, the mainstream of hybrid vehicles are gasoline hybrids, and diesel hybrid models in the international market are also developing rapidly.
Fuel cell
Cars powered by fuel cells. The chemical reaction process of the fuel cell does not produce harmful products, so the fuel cell vehicle is a pollution-free vehicle, and the energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell is 2 to 3 times higher than that of the internal combustion engine, so the fuel cell vehicle is an ideal vehicle from the aspect of energy utilization and environmental protection.
Individual fuel cells must be combined into fuel cell packs in order to obtain the necessary power to meet the requirements of vehicle use.
Significant progress has been made in fuel cell technology. World-renowned auto manufacturers such as DaimlerChrysler, Ford, Toyota and General Motors have announced plans to put fuel cell vehicles on the market by 2024. Prototypes of fuel cell cars are currently being tested, and fuel cell-powered transport buses are being demonstrated in several North American cities. There are still technical challenges in the development of fuel cell vehicles, such as the integration of fuel cell packs, improving the commercialization of electric vehicle fuel processors and auxiliary units Automotive manufacturers are working towards integrating components and reducing component costs, and have made significant progress.